Acts 21:1-26

Introduction:

1. This section tracks Paul and company from Miletus to Jerusalem, showing the origin of his arrest that put him on a course to Rome.

2. Several challenging issues arise in this text.

Discussion:

I. From Miletus to Caesarea to Jerusalem (21:1-17)

A. After a few brief stops, the group spent a week at Tyre (vv. 1-6) where the brethren urged Paul not to go to Jerusalem (21:4; cf. 9:15-16; 19:21; 20:22-23; 21:14; 23:11).

B. From Tyre, they made their way to Caesarea where they stayed many days with Philip, one of the seven (21:7-14; cf. Acts 6:1-7).

1. Saul/Paul sanctioned Stephen’s stoning (Acts 7:58; 8:1-3).

2. Now Philip played host to his friend’s converted executioner.

C. Again, brethren urged Paul to avoid Jerusalem, to no avail (21:10-14).

II. Paul’s Participation in a Jewish Vow (21:18-26)

A. Many Jewish Christians thought Paul was against Moses (21:20-22).

B. James had him help four men complete a vow to calm them (21:23-26).

C. An issue arises here as to Paul’s position on the law:

1. Some think Paul’s understanding was yet lacking, but Paul had already written of the law’s abrogation (2 Corinthians 3; Romans 7; Galatians 4-5).

2. Others say he sinned, but why did he use this event to defend his innocence to the rulers (Acts 23:1; 24:16-21; cf. Matthew 10:16-20).

3. Could it be that in this time of transition Jewish people could sinlessly keep Jewish customs with no connection to seeking justification? (cf. 15:1; 16:1-4; Galatians 2:3-5)

4. If so, could this be a case of expediency where Paul became as a Jew to the Jews and as one under the law? (1 Corinthians 9:19-23)

D. No matter the solution, we live under the New Covenant, and we seek justification in Christ alone (Galatians 5:1-6).

Conclusion:

1. Once again Paul’s boldness for Christ should strengthen our resolve.

2. Once again we are reminded to keep the gospel at the core of our being.